Ya dace da allurar intrathecal da sauran hanyoyin jiyya (kamar tsarin analgesics, adjuvant therapy ko sheath) Ziconotide mai ƙarfi ne, zaɓi kuma mai jujjuyawar N-nau'in ƙarfin lantarki mai ɗaukar tashar tashar calcium, wanda ke da tasiri ga raɗaɗi, kuma baya samarwa. juriya na miyagun ƙwayoyi bayan gudanar da dogon lokaci, kuma baya haifar da dogaro ta jiki da ta hankali, kuma baya haifar da baƙin ciki mai haɗari na numfashi saboda yawan wuce gona da iri.Adadin da aka ba da shawarar yau da kullun ya ragu, tare da sakamako mai kyau na warkewa, babban aminci, ƙarancin halayen mara kyau, babu juriya da jaraba.Wannan samfurin yana da babbar kasuwa a matsayin maganin kashe zafi.
Bisa ga kididdigar da ba ta cika ba, abin da ya faru na ciwo a duniya shine game da 35% ~ 45% a halin yanzu, kuma abin da ya faru na ciwo a cikin tsofaffi yana da girma, game da 75% ~ 90%.Wani bincike da aka gudanar a Amurka ya nuna cewa cutar ta migraine ta karu daga miliyan 23.6 a shekarar 1989 zuwa miliyan 28 a shekara ta 2001. A binciken da ake yi na ciwo mai raɗaɗi a birane shida na kasar Sin, an gano cewa yawan ciwon ƙanƙara a cikin manya ya kai kashi 40%, kuma yawan maganin jinya shine 35%;Abubuwan da ke faruwa na ciwo mai tsanani a cikin tsofaffi shine 65% ~ 80%, kuma yawan ganin likita shine 85%.A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, kuɗaɗen likita don jin zafi yana ƙaruwa kowace shekara.
Daga 2013 zuwa Yuli 2015, Cibiyar Nazarin Pain a Amurka da cibiyoyin kiwon lafiya da yawa sun gudanar da wani dogon lokaci, cibiyar da yawa da kuma nazarin binciken a kan allurar intrathecal na ziconotide a cikin 93 manya fararen mata marasa lafiya tare da ciwo mai tsanani.Ma'aunin ma'aunin zafi na dijital da ma'auni na gaba ɗaya na marasa lafiya tare da allurar intrathecal na ziconotide kuma ba tare da allurar ziconotide ba an kwatanta A cikin su, marasa lafiya 51 sun yi amfani da allurar intrathecal na ziconotide, yayin da marasa lafiya 42 ba su yi ba.Sakamakon ciwon asali na asali shine 7.4 da 7.9, bi da bi.Adadin da aka ba da shawarar yin allurar intrathecal na ziconotide shine 0.5-2.4 mcg / rana, wanda aka daidaita bisa ga amsawar jin zafi da sakamako masu illa.Matsakaicin adadin farko shine 1.6 mcg / rana, 3.0 mcg / rana a watanni 6 da 2.5 a watanni 9.A watanni 12, ya kasance 1.9 mcg / rana, kuma bayan watanni 6, raguwar raguwa ya kasance 29.4%, ƙimar haɓakar bambanci shine 6.4%, kuma ƙimar haɓakar ƙimar gabaɗayan azanci shine 69.2% da 35.7% bi da bi.Bayan watanni 12, raguwar ƙimar ya kasance 34.4% da 3.4% bi da bi, kuma ƙimar haɓakar ƙimar gabaɗayan azanci shine 85.7% da 71.4% bi da bi.Mafi girman illolin sune tashin zuciya (19.6% da 7.1%), hallucination (9.8% da 11.9%) da dizziness (13.7% da 7.1%).Sakamakon wannan binciken ya sake tabbatar da inganci da amincin ziconotide da aka ba da shawarar azaman allurar intrathecal ta farko.
Nazarin farko akan ziconotide za a iya gano shi tun cikin shekarun 1980, lokacin da aka bincika yuwuwar aikace-aikacen warkewa na m da furotin-kamar peptides a cikin dafin conus a karon farko.Wadannan conotoxins ƙananan peptides ne masu wadata a cikin haɗin haɗin disulfide, yawanci ragowar 10-40 a tsayi, don ƙaddamar da tashoshi na ion daban-daban, GPCR da furotin masu jigilar kaya yadda ya kamata da kuma zaɓi.Ziconotide shine 25-peptide da aka samu daga Conus magus, wanda ya ƙunshi nau'ikan disulfide guda uku, kuma gajeriyar β-fold ɗinsa an tsara shi ta sararin samaniya zuwa wani tsari na musamman mai girma uku, wanda ke ba shi damar zaɓin hana tashoshin CaV2.2.
